５W1H をパターン化しよう【初心者必見】

５つの”W”から始まる疑問詞、そして、1つの”H”から始まる疑問詞を「5W1H」と言います。

「5W1H」を覚えていますか？と聞くと、「あ～ありましたよね！ What、え～と、Where、え～と、あと何でしたっけ？」なんて会話は初心者の生徒さんとよくしています。

英会話初心者の方は、この「5W1H」が使えるようになると、話せる幅がすごく広がります。
パターンを覚えて応用すれば、難しいものでもないので、しっかり習得していきましょう！

5W1Hとは

誰かと会話する時に、「いつ・だれが・なにを・どこで・なぜ・どのように」と聞くことが多いですよね。
これを表せるのが５W１Hです。

When いつ・Who だれが・What なにを・Where どこで・Why なぜ・How どのように

When・・・いつ行くの？　いつ食べたの？　いつだったの？

Who・・・だれと行くの？　だれだったの？　だれが言ったの？

What・・・なに買うの？　なにしたの？　なにですか？

Where・・・どこ行くの？　どこで出会ったの？　どこですか？

Why・・・なぜ電話したの？　なぜですか？　なぜ買うの？

How・・・どうですか？　どうやって来たの？　どうように食べるの？

このように、５W１Hが使えれば、初心者の方は話せる幅がすごく広がると思いませんか？

 

それでは、５W１Hを使ったパターンを見ていきましょう！

5W1H✙be動詞✙名詞(代名詞)のパターン

５W１Hと be動詞（am, is are)、そして名詞や代名詞で作られている文章です。

When is your birthday?
When is the party?

Who is your teacher?
Who are you?

What is your name?
What is the day today?

Where is my key?
Where are you now?

Why are you here?

How is the soup?
How is the weather today?

５W１H、どの疑問詞でも同じパターンで作られていますよね。

他のパターンも見ていきましょう！

5W1H✙do/does✙主語✙動詞の原形のパターン

When do you play tennis?
When does she come here?

Who do you like best?

What do you want to do?
What does she do?

Where do you live?
Where does she come from?

Why do you want to meet her?
Why does she like him?

How do you feel?
How does she cook it?

5W1H✙did✙主語✙動詞の原形のパターン

When did you buy it?
When did she meet him?

Who did you come with?

What did you do last night?
What did she have for dinner?

Where did you grab for lunch?
Where did she go?

Why did you call her?
Why did she do that?

How did you get there?
How did she find it?

5W1H✙be動詞✙主語✙動詞ingのパターン

When are you leaving?
When is she coming?

Who are you going with?

What are you doing?
What is she eating?

Where are you going?
Where is she staying?

Why are you crying?
Why is she laughing?

How are you doing?
How is she feeling?

5W1H✙be動詞✙主語✙going to✙動詞の原形のパターン

When are you going to go?　
When is she going to buy it?

Who is she going to be with?

What are you going to do tomorrow?
What is she going to have for lunch?

Where are you going to go this weekend?
Where is she going to move to?

Why are you going to buy it?
Why is she going to sell her car?

How are you going to get there?
How is she going to teach him?

プラスα

Who の使い方

いままで見てきたのは、5W1Hの後に疑問文がきていました。

Who は肯定文でも文章が作れます。

Who wants to come with me?　だれが一緒に来たい？

Who said that? だれが言ったの？

Howの応用

5W1Hの中でも、Howは使い勝手がいいのでよく使います。
How と形容詞を組み合わせるだけで、さらに話せる幅が広がるのです。

How long are you going to be here?　どのくらいここにいるつもりですか？

How many pens do you have?　何本ペン持っていますか？

How much water did you use?　どれだけの水使ったの？

How old is she?　彼女は何歳ですか？

How far is it from here?　ここからどれくらい遠いの？